🔆 List the key features of the tribal policies introduced after independence, and explain the reasons behind the slow progress of tribal communities despite various initiatives. (Answer in 150 words)

📍 Introduction
✅ India adopted a humane approach post-independence, influenced by Nehru’s tribal Panchsheel, focusing on integration without assimilation.

📍 Key Features of Tribal Policies
✅ Self-Development: Tribals to progress along their own cultural lines (Ministry of Tribal Affairs)
✅ Respect for Rights: Protection of tribal rights over land and forests (Tribal Research Institute)
✅ Local Governance: Governance through trained personnel from tribal communities (Planning Commission)
✅ Minimal Over-Administration: Avoid burdening tribal areas with excessive schemes (MoTA)
✅ Quality over Quantity: Emphasis on human development, not just statistics (EPW)

📍 Reasons for Slow Progress
✅ Administrative Inefficiency and biases (Planning Commission)
✅ Low Awareness of legal rights due to illiteracy (TRI)
✅ Poor Coordination between agencies (MoTA)
✅ Land Alienation from infrastructure projects (EPW)
✅ Legal Gaps like fake Gram Sabha consent (NCST)

📍 Conclusion
✅ Strong policy foundation exists—urgent need for effective implementation, awareness, and rights protection.

CSE ANSWER WRITING

🔆 List the key features of the tribal policies introduced after independence, and explain the reasons behind the slow progress of tribal communities despite various initiatives. (Answer in 150 words)

📍 Introduction
✅ India adopted a humane approach post-independence, influenced by Nehru’s tribal Panchsheel, focusing on integration without assimilation.

📍 Key Features of Tribal Policies
✅ Self-Development: Tribals to progress along their own cultural lines (Ministry of Tribal Affairs)
✅ Respect for Rights: Protection of tribal rights over land and forests (Tribal Research Institute)
✅ Local Governance: Governance through trained personnel from tribal communities (Planning Commission)
✅ Minimal Over-Administration: Avoid burdening tribal areas with excessive schemes (MoTA)
✅ Quality over Quantity: Emphasis on human development, not just statistics (EPW)

📍 Reasons for Slow Progress
✅ Administrative Inefficiency and biases (Planning Commission)
✅ Low Awareness of legal rights due to illiteracy (TRI)
✅ Poor Coordination between agencies (MoTA)
✅ Land Alienation from infrastructure projects (EPW)
✅ Legal Gaps like fake Gram Sabha consent (NCST)

📍 Conclusion
✅ Strong policy foundation exists—urgent need for effective implementation, awareness, and rights protection.

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