Create: 2025-05-13 Update: 2025-07-04 20:48:01

Fazoga uchirilgan birinchi jonzot - Layka

Layka — 1957-yil 3-noyabr kuni Sovet Ittifoqi tomonidan fazoga uchirilgan birinchi tirik jonzot hisoblanadi. U Moskva ko‘chalaridan topilgan, aralash zotli urg‘ochi it edi.

💠 Layka aslida ismi emas edi
Uning asl ismi yo‘q edi. Layka so‘zi rus tilida "vovullovchi" yoki "huruvchi" degan ma’noni bildiradi. Ilgari uni “Kudryavka” (jingalak) yoki “Limonchik” (limoncha) deb ham atashgan.

💠 U tanlab olingan sababi — murosaga o‘rganganlik
Layka Moskvadagi ko‘chalardan topilgan. Sovet olimlari aynan ko‘cha itlarini tanlashgan, chunki ular sovuq, ochlik va og‘ir sharoitlarga chidamli bo‘lgan.

💠 Uchirilgan kosmik kemada qaytish tizimi yo‘q edi
Sputnik-2 faqat uchish uchun mo‘ljallangan edi. Layka hayotini qurbon qilishi aniq bo‘lgan.

💠 Laykaning yuragi parvoz paytida juda tez urgan
Parvozdan oldin yurak urishi normal holatda 103 marta bo‘lsa, uchish vaqtida 240 martagacha chiqqan.

💠 Olimlar Laykadan oldin simulyatsiya parvozlarini bajargan
Ular bir nechta kuchuklarga maxsus kapsulalarda aylanish, og‘irliksiz holat va ovozga chidamlilik bo‘yicha mashqlar o‘tkazishgan.

💠 Layka parvozi insoniyat tarixida burilish yasadi
U birinchi bor orbitaga chiqqan tirik mavjudot bo‘ldi. Bu insonning kosmosga uchish imkoniyatini ilmiy jihatdan asoslashga yordam berdi.

💠 Laykaning o‘lim sababi dastlab yashirilgan
Dastlab Layka bir necha kun yashagan deyilgan, ammo keyinchalik u parvozdan atigi 5–7 soat o‘tib kapsuladagi issiqlik tufayli nobud bo‘lgani e’tirof etildi.

💠 Laykaga yodgorlik o‘rnatilgan
2008-yilda Moskvada Layka sharafiga yodgorlik o‘rnatildi. Yodgorlikda u raketa shaklidagi postament ustida tasvirlangan.

💠 Uning nomi asteroiddan tortib to musiqa guruhlarigacha ishlatilgan
Layka nomi 1990-yillarda turli ilmiy, madaniy, musiqa va kino sohalarida mashhur bo‘lib ketdi. Hatto 2321-raqamli asteroidga ham uning nomi berilgan.

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Fazoga uchirilgan birinchi jonzot - Layka

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