Increased levels of OS (free radicals) in the brain lead to cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanism of OS elevation often results from a compromised antioxidant defense system. In the brain’s blood vessels, endothelial cells make up the innermost layer and are tightly surrounded by pericytes, followed by the basement membrane and astrocytic endfeet. Emerging evidence suggests that OS plays a central role in endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. The mechanism of ROS formation can be described as the blockage of cerebral blood flow that generates oxygen/glucose deficiency in neurons, with hypoxia ultimately triggering the decoupling of mitochondrial respiration.

Free radicals are produced both internally by the body's normal metabolic processes and externally from environmental sources. Internally, they are byproducts of cellular respiration, especially in mitochondria. Externally, they originate from factors like air pollution, tobacco smoke, radiation, and certain chemicals. 

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Neuroscience & Psychology

Neuroscience & Psychology

Oxidative stress in cerebrovascular disease and associated diseases Cellular aging is the most severe risk factor for neurodegenerative disease. Simultaneously, oxidative stress (OS) is a critical factor in the aging process, resulting from an imbalance between…

Increased levels of OS (free radicals) in the brain lead to cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanism of OS elevation often results from a compromised antioxidant defense system. In the brain’s blood vessels, endothelial cells make up the innermost layer and are tightly surrounded by pericytes, followed by the basement membrane and astrocytic endfeet. Emerging evidence suggests that OS plays a central role in endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. The mechanism of ROS formation can be described as the blockage of cerebral blood flow that generates oxygen/glucose deficiency in neurons, with hypoxia ultimately triggering the decoupling of mitochondrial respiration.

Free radicals are produced both internally by the body's normal metabolic processes and externally from environmental sources. Internally, they are byproducts of cellular respiration, especially in mitochondria. Externally, they originate from factors like air pollution, tobacco smoke, radiation, and certain chemicals. 

🧠🆔 @neurocognitionandlearning

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431 viewsedited  Apr 18 at 09:26