Сетевой архитектор | United States America (US)

Create: 2025-03-13 Update: 2025-06-30 13:56:22

КАДР VS ПАКЕТ. ЧАСТЬ 1

Очень часто термины "кадр" и "пакет" путают или просто не понимают разницы между ними. На картинке выше приведена схема, на которой видно, какие заголовки учтены в каком виде протокольной единицы данных (PDU – Protocol Data Unit).

В кадре учитывается заголовок канального уровня и концевик (FCS). Под определение "данные кадра" попадают как сами полезные данные, которые переносятся в кадре, так и все прочие заголовки: заголовок сетевого уровня, заголовок транспортного уровня и любые другие заголовки, если они имеются.

В пакете учитывается заголовок сетевого уровня. Под определение "данные пакета" подпадают как сами полезные данные, которые переносятся в пакете, так и заголовок транспортного уровня, и любые другие заголовки, если они имеются.

В сегменте или дейтаграмме учитывается заголовок транспортного уровня. Под определение "данные сегмента/дейтаграммы" подпадают как сами полезные данные, которые переносятся в сегменте/дейтаграмме, так и и любые другие заголовки, если они имеются. Термин "сегмент" используется, если протокол транспортного уровня гарантирует доставку. Чаще всего это протокол TCP. Термин "дейтаграмма" используется, если протокол транспортного уровня не гарантирует доставки. Чаще всего это протокол UDP.

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ИП Скоромнов Дмитрий Анатольевич, ИНН 331403723315

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Telegram auto-delete message, expiring invites, and more

elegram is updating its messaging app with options for auto-deleting messages, expiring invite links, and new unlimited groups, the company shared in a blog post. Much like Signal, Telegram received a burst of new users in the confusion over WhatsApp’s privacy policy and now the company is adopting features that were already part of its competitors’ apps, features which offer more security and privacy. Auto-deleting messages were already possible in Telegram’s encrypted Secret Chats, but this new update for iOS and Android adds the option to make messages disappear in any kind of chat. Auto-delete can be enabled inside of chats, and set to delete either 24 hours or seven days after messages are sent. Auto-delete won’t remove every message though; if a message was sent before the feature was turned on, it’ll stick around. Telegram’s competitors have had similar features: WhatsApp introduced a feature in 2020 and Signal has had disappearing messages since at least 2016.

КАДР VS ПАКЕТ. ЧАСТЬ 1

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