مؤسسه پژوهشی میراث مکتوب | United States America (US)

Create: 2025-03-29 Update: 2025-06-29 04:52:18

بررسی دلایل مرکزیت و سکون زمین در خلاصة الهیئة اثر سیدعلی رئیس
✍️ امیرمحمد گمینی و ناصر حایری

خلاصة الهیئة اثر سید علی رئیس (-۹۷۰ق) اولین اثر هیئت به زبان ترکی شناخته می‌شود. تألیف
آثاری در زمینۀ هیئت با تمرکز بر ساختار فیزیکی افلاک و زمین بر اساس مدل‌های بطلمیوسی، به
پیروی از کتاب فی هیئةالعالمِ ابن هیثم (۳۵۴- ح۴۳۰ق) آغاز شد. کتاب‌های هیئت از حدود
قرن ششم هجری به دو شکل نوشته می‌شدند: مختصر و جامع. برجسته‌ترین آثار جامع در هیئت،
در قرن هفتم هجری نوشته شدند، از جمله التذکرة فی الهیئة نوشتۀ نصیرالدین طوسی (۵۷۹- ۶۷۲ق)، کتاب الهیئة نوشتۀ مؤیدالدین عرضی (-۶۶۴ق) و سه‌گانهٔ قطب‌الدین شیرازی (۶۳۳- ۷۱۰ق). این رساله‌ها تأثیرگذارترین آثار هیئت و بهترین منبع برای شناخت کیهانشناسی علمی در دورۀ اسلامی ازجمله بحث مرکزیت و سکون زمین به شمار می‌روند. کتاب‌های هیئت معمولاً از ساختار چهارقسمتی متعارف پیروی می‌کردند:
۱. مقدمات: هندسه، فلسفۀ طبیعی، مناظر (نورشناخت).
۲. هیئت زمین و اجرام آسمانی: سکون و مرکزیت زمین، ترتیب افلاک، الگوهای بطلمیوسی (و غیربطلمیوسی) افلاک و غیره.
۳. جغرافیای ریاضی: اقلیمها، رودخانه‌ها، کوه‌ها و غیره.
۴. محاسبۀ اندازه‌ها و فواصل سیارات از زمین.

مأخذ: دوشمارۀ ۲۶-۲۵ «میراث علمی اسلام و ایران»

@mirasmaktoob
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مؤسسه پژوهشی میراث مکتوب

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بررسی دلایل مرکزیت و سکون زمین در خلاصة الهیئة اثر سیدعلی رئیس

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