Developer's mind | United States America (US)

Create: 2021-11-19 Update: 2025-07-08 23:08:34

Большая проблема больших индексов баз данных

На собеседованиях, когда речь заходит об индексах, я часто спрашиваю в чем минусы индексов - один из самых частых (и только частично верных) ответов - что они занимают место на диске. Следующий вопрос - в чем проблема дискового пространства с современными ценами даже на SSD-пространство - проблемы и правда особо нет если мы говорим о стоимости SSD-пространства, но проблема появляется когда мы начинаем думать как индексы работают и что на самом-то деле они занимают не дисковое пространство - а ОЗУ. Потому что в ОЗУ мы индекс пересчитываем при новых записях в БД, в ОЗУ мы его выгружаем когда надо сделать выборку по этому индексу, а объем ОЗУ на порядки меньше объема диска.

В реальных системах это вырастает в серьезную проблему обычно довольно внезапно - как только часто используемые индексы перестают помещаться в ОЗУ начинает очень быстро расти IO-нагрузка на дисковую систему, а дисковая система на несколько порядков медленнее. К счастью есть несколько разных способов сделать размеры индексов в разы меньше. Знаете их?

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A Telegram spokesman declined to comment on the bond issue or the amount of the debt the company has due. The spokesman said Telegram’s equipment and bandwidth costs are growing because it has consistently posted more than 40% year-to-year growth in users.

Большая проблема больших индексов баз данных

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