حسابداری حرفەای | United States America (US)

Create: 2024-03-15 Update: 2024-04-30 11:29:44

⭕️ماهیت تراز افتتاحیه، تراز اختتامیه و حساب خلاصه سود و زیان

✍️تراز اختتامیه و تراز افتتاحیه حساب نیستند و ماهیت ندارند، بلكه صرفاً اطلاعاتی هستند كه در یك كاربرگ (تراز) منعكس می‌شوند. در پایان سال مالی از روی تراز اختتامیه،‌ سند اختتامیه در دفتر روزنامه صادر می‌گردد. سند حسابداری آن نیز بدین صورت است كه بدهیها و حقوق صاحبان سهام (سرمایه) بدهكار شده و دارایيها بستانكار می‌شوند و نهایتاً این ارقام به دفتر كل انتقال می‌یابد.

همچنین در سال مالی بعد، سند افتتاحیه در دفتر روزنامه درج می‌شود كه حسابهای مذكور در سند اختتامیه سال قبل عیناً برعكس می‌شود، یعنی در سند حسابداری دارایيها بدهكار و بدهیها و حقوق صاحبان سهام (سرمایه) بستانكار می‌گردند و سپس این ارقام به دفتر كل منتقل می‌شوند و به این ترتیب مانده حساب‌های سال قبل به سال جدید منتقل می‌گردد.

🔸خلاصه سود و زیان حسابی است که نمی توان گفت ماهیت آن بدهکار است یا بستانکار، چرا که از دو مورد مجزا به نام "سود" که ماهیتاً بستانکار است و "زیان" که ماهیتاً بدهکار است تشکیل شده است؛ لیکن این حساب در گروه حقوق صاحبان سهام (سرمایه) که ماهیت بستانکار دارد قرار می گیرد.

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How Does Bitcoin Work?

Bitcoin is built on a distributed digital record called a blockchain. As the name implies, blockchain is a linked body of data, made up of units called blocks that contain information about each and every transaction, including date and time, total value, buyer and seller, and a unique identifying code for each exchange. Entries are strung together in chronological order, creating a digital chain of blocks. “Once a block is added to the blockchain, it becomes accessible to anyone who wishes to view it, acting as a public ledger of cryptocurrency transactions,” says Stacey Harris, consultant for Pelicoin, a network of cryptocurrency ATMs. Blockchain is decentralized, which means it’s not controlled by any one organization. “It’s like a Google Doc that anyone can work on,” says Buchi Okoro, CEO and co-founder of African cryptocurrency exchange Quidax. “Nobody owns it, but anyone who has a link can contribute to it. And as different people update it, your copy also gets updated.”

⭕️ماهیت تراز افتتاحیه، تراز اختتامیه و حساب خلاصه سود و زیان

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