🔆 Monsoon Covers India Early: What Enabled the June Surge?
📍 Monsoon covered entire India by June 29 — 9 days early; only 10th time since 1960
✅ Early onset in Kerala (May 24) + rapid northward spread aided early coverage
✅ Main driver: Low Pressure Systems pulling in moisture-laden winds
✅ Boosted by Active MJO Phase — enhanced cloud activity from equator
✅ Neutral ENSO & IOD Phase kept oceanic conditions stable for rainfall
✅ June rainfall was 8% above normal; central India got 24.8% surplus
✅ Rainfall deficit removed for the first time since 2022
✅ NE states like Manipur & Mizoram got record June rainfall
✅ Below-normal rains still affected parts of east & peninsular India
📝 Prelims Question:
Which of the following best explains the early national coverage of monsoon in 2025?
(a) Strong El Niño phase
(b) High-pressure systems over land
(c) Active MJO & low-pressure systems ✅
(d) Subtropical westerlies
📝 Mains GS1 Question:
Explain how low-pressure systems and Madden-Julian Oscillation contribute to rapid monsoon advancement across India.
#GS1 #IndianMonsoon #geography
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