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«توده‌ها در جهانی ناپایدار حاضر بودند هر گزارهٔ بی‌معنا و پرت از واقعیت را بپذیرند، چرا که نسبت به هیچ فرضی وفاداری نداشتند» (Arendt, 1951, p. 80) .
این مثال نشان می‌دهد آموزش تفکر انتقادی، برای پیشگیری از پذیرش کورکورانهٔ و رفتاری منطقی، ضروری است.

نتیجه‌گیری
تفکر انتقادی از دوران باستان تا کنون به‌عنوان یک مهارت کلیدی شناخته شده است. نظام‌های آموزشی پیشرفته با گنجاندن آن در سطوح مختلف و متناسب با سن یادگیرندگان، سعی در پرورش شهروندانی پاسخگو و مطالبه‌گر دارند. ضرورت این مهارت در پیشگیری از فجایع تاریخی و مقابله با موج اطلاعات ناصحیح امروزی بیش از پیش روشن است. پیشنهاد می‌شود جلب توجه به روش‌های پداگوژیک مبتنی بر دیالوگ، پروژه‌های عملی و ارزیابی‌های بازتابی، در تمام سطوح آموزشی به‌عنوان اولویت قرار گیرد.
منابع
Facione, P. A. (1990). Critical thinking: A statement of expert consensus for purposes of educational assessment and instruction. Millbrae, CA: The California Academic Press.
Ennis, R. H. (2018). Critical thinking across the curriculum: A vision. Topoi, 37(1), 165–184.
Paul, R., & Elder, L. (2006). Critical thinking: Concepts and tools. Foundation for Critical Thinking.
Dewey, J. (1910). How we think. D. C. Heath & Co.
Critical thinking. (2025). In Wikipedia. Retrieved April 18, 2025, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_thinking
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (n.d.). Critical thinking: History. Retrieved April 18, 2025, from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/critical-thinking/history.html
Common Core State Standards Initiative. (2010). Read the standards. Retrieved April 18, 2025, from https://thecorestandards.org/read-the-standards/
Cambridge International. (2024). Cambridge international AS & A Level thinking skills (9694). Retrieved April 18, 2025, from https://www.cambridgeinternational.org/programmes-and-qualifications/cambridge-international-as-and-a-level-thinking-skills-9694/
Nomura, K. (2023). Why do Japanese teachers seem unready to teach critical thinking? Chiba University. Retrieved April 18, 2025, from https://www.cn.chiba-u.jp/en/news/press-release_e230518/
UE Germany. (2024). What makes the German education system so good? Retrieved April 18, 2025, from https://www.ue-germany.com/blog/what-makes-the-german-education-system-so
OECD. (2023). PISA results 2022 (Volume III) - Factsheets: Singapore. Retrieved April 18, 2025, from https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/pisa-results-2022-volume-iii-factsheets_041a90f1-en/singapore_3e8ab415-en.html
Arendt, H. (1951). The of totalitarianism. New York, NY: Harcourt.

#آموزشی
#تفکر_انتقادی

@itdmcsn

انجمن سواد رسانه ای ایران
Forwarded from فضای سایبر - دکتر سید مرتضی موسویان
«توده‌ها در جهانی ناپایدار حاضر بودند هر گزارهٔ بی‌معنا و پرت از واقعیت را بپذیرند، چرا که نسبت به هیچ فرضی وفاداری نداشتند» (Arendt, 1951, p. 80) .
این مثال نشان می‌دهد آموزش تفکر انتقادی، برای پیشگیری از پذیرش کورکورانهٔ و رفتاری منطقی، ضروری است.

نتیجه‌گیری
تفکر انتقادی از دوران باستان تا کنون به‌عنوان یک مهارت کلیدی شناخته شده است. نظام‌های آموزشی پیشرفته با گنجاندن آن در سطوح مختلف و متناسب با سن یادگیرندگان، سعی در پرورش شهروندانی پاسخگو و مطالبه‌گر دارند. ضرورت این مهارت در پیشگیری از فجایع تاریخی و مقابله با موج اطلاعات ناصحیح امروزی بیش از پیش روشن است. پیشنهاد می‌شود جلب توجه به روش‌های پداگوژیک مبتنی بر دیالوگ، پروژه‌های عملی و ارزیابی‌های بازتابی، در تمام سطوح آموزشی به‌عنوان اولویت قرار گیرد.
منابع
Facione, P. A. (1990). Critical thinking: A statement of expert consensus for purposes of educational assessment and instruction. Millbrae, CA: The California Academic Press.
Ennis, R. H. (2018). Critical thinking across the curriculum: A vision. Topoi, 37(1), 165–184.
Paul, R., & Elder, L. (2006). Critical thinking: Concepts and tools. Foundation for Critical Thinking.
Dewey, J. (1910). How we think. D. C. Heath & Co.
Critical thinking. (2025). In Wikipedia. Retrieved April 18, 2025, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_thinking
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (n.d.). Critical thinking: History. Retrieved April 18, 2025, from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/critical-thinking/history.html
Common Core State Standards Initiative. (2010). Read the standards. Retrieved April 18, 2025, from https://thecorestandards.org/read-the-standards/
Cambridge International. (2024). Cambridge international AS & A Level thinking skills (9694). Retrieved April 18, 2025, from https://www.cambridgeinternational.org/programmes-and-qualifications/cambridge-international-as-and-a-level-thinking-skills-9694/
Nomura, K. (2023). Why do Japanese teachers seem unready to teach critical thinking? Chiba University. Retrieved April 18, 2025, from https://www.cn.chiba-u.jp/en/news/press-release_e230518/
UE Germany. (2024). What makes the German education system so good? Retrieved April 18, 2025, from https://www.ue-germany.com/blog/what-makes-the-german-education-system-so
OECD. (2023). PISA results 2022 (Volume III) - Factsheets: Singapore. Retrieved April 18, 2025, from https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/pisa-results-2022-volume-iii-factsheets_041a90f1-en/singapore_3e8ab415-en.html
Arendt, H. (1951). The of totalitarianism. New York, NY: Harcourt.

#آموزشی
#تفکر_انتقادی

@itdmcsn
Wikipedia
Critical thinking
analysis of facts, with certain levels of rigor and problem-solving abilities, to form a judgment
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«توده‌ها در جهانی ناپایدار حاضر بودند هر گزارهٔ بی‌معنا و پرت از واقعیت را بپذیرند، چرا که نسبت به هیچ فرضی وفاداری نداشتند» (Arendt

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